India

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Seven Chokepoints That Can Break the World: The Geopolitics of the Indian Ocean

In the age of satellite warfare and cyber-espionage, the global economy remains tethered to the physical world by seven narrow maritime “throats.” These chokepoints—some no wider than a city park—are the jugular veins of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). As 2025 demonstrated, a single disruption at these points does not merely delay cargo; it re-prices

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Who Cares About the Indian Ocean and Why: The Mandala of Interests

To the map-maker, the Indian Ocean is a vast blue expanse bounded by three continents. To the strategist, it is something entirely different: a “Mandala of Interests”—a complex, overlapping system where every actor views the water through a unique and often contradictory lens. While the world’s navies agree that trade must flow, they disagree profoundly

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Why the Indian Ocean Is the World’s Quiet Center of Geopolitical Gravity

While the South China Sea captures headlines and the North Atlantic remains the bedrock of traditional alliances, the Indian Ocean has quietly emerged as the decisive arena for the 21st century. Hosting the world’s most critical trade veins and a growing matrix of great-power rivalries, the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) is no longer a mere

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